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Abstract

A methodology is presented for evaluating the uncertainty of liquid petroleum product level measurements using laser level meters based on different measurands’ informative parameters: propagation time, phase difference, and image coordinates. Based on analytical expressions for error components and a traceability chain to the national length standard, calculated uncertainty budgets are developed in accordance with JCGM 100 for time-of-flight, phase-based, and laser–television level meters. Under the assumed input conditions, the expanded uncertainties (k = 2) are 1.66, 0.73, and 1.02 mm, respectively. For the laser–television level meter budget, the Gaussian approximation is verified using the Monte Carlo method (JCGM 101): the discrepancy in the half-width of the 95% coverage interval does not exceed 3%. The concept of an uncertainty profile over the measurement range, U(H), governed by the sensitivity of the informative parameter, is introduced. A procedure for applying the uncertainty budget in reverse to specify numerical requirements for components is proposed, and the influence of hydrocarbon vapours in the tank headspace is demonstrated. The budgets are design-stage estimates and require experimental validation.

First Page

71

Last Page

78

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