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Abstract

This article presents the physical principles of Atmospheric Water Harvesting (AWH) technologies, including spectral radiation balance, air-sorbent interactions, thermodynamic constraints, and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling approaches. The study provides models of water condensation, adsorption-desorption processes, and energy consumption. In addition, a detailed thermodynamic analysis was carried out to determine the partial vapor pressure, cooling demand, and theoretical energy limits of water extraction. The adsorption process is described using Langmuir isotherms, while desorption is represented through a kinetic model dependent on activation energy. To analyze the coupled processes of airflow, mass transfer, and heat transport, CFD models based on the Navier–Stokes equations, species transport equations, and the energy equation were employed. The obtained results contributed to the development of technical solutions aimed at enhancing condensation efficiency, reducing energy consumption, and improving hybrid operating modes involving adsorption materials. These findings provide an essential scientific foundation for designing next-generation AWH systems with improved thermal management, lower energy requirements, and higher water collection efficiency, and support their practical implementation.

First Page

35

Last Page

39

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